Home   >   캄보디아 역사탐방   >   [캄보디아역사탐방] 근세 캄보디아 5

[캄보디아역사탐방] 근세 캄보디아 5

기사입력 : 2015년 03월 26일

khmer-architecture-at-the-royal-palace

모니봉의 사망 이후 왕가의 갈등이 다시 시작되었다. 모니봉은 계승에 따라 왕위에 올랐지만 그의 부왕인 시소왓은 친프랑스 성향으로 왕위에 올랐기 때문이다. 이러한 결과로 캄보디아 왕가는 노르돔가와 시소왓가로 분열되면서 갈등이 심해진다. 이에 프랑스는 왕의 계승에 신중을 가하지 않을 수 없었고 두 왕가의 불화를 없애고 국민들의 감정을 회복시키기 위해 노르돔 수라미트의 아들인 노르돔 시하눅을 왕위에 앉혔다. 시하눅은 양가의 피를 모두 갖고 태어났다. 그의 어머니는 모니봉 왕의 딸이었다. 당시 시하눅은 사이공에 있느 프랑스 고등학교를 다니며 음악과 예술에 관심이 있는 모범생으로 보여졌기 때문에 왕위에 오를 수 있었다.

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시하눅은 1941년 18세에 나이에 왕위에 올랐다. 시하눅의 부모는 정치와는 거리가 멀었고 왕정에 대한 교육을 받지 않았기 때문에 프랑스 고문관들에게 의지할 수 밖에 없었다. 시하눅은 왕위에 오른 뒤 왕정에 신중한 행동을 보이며 자신의 이미지를 위해 노력했다. 선대 왕들을 생각하며 프랑스에서 제공하는 아편도 거절하였다.

프랑스의 약세를 틈타 태국에 친일본 정부를 만들고 프랑스와 태국의 전쟁에서 종전협정을 주도한 일본은 캄보디아 왕정의 변화를 계기로 1941년 일본군을 늘려서 파견했는데 프랑스와의 충돌은 피하면서 반프랑스적인 감정을 유도했다. 1945년 일본군은 인도차이나 지역에서 프랑스에 전쟁을 선포하며 프랑스 주둔군을 무장해제 시키고 인도차이나 지역을 점령하였다. 이어서 일본군의 정식요청에 의해 캄보디아는 프랑스의 보호령에서 벗어나고 독립하였으며 국명을 프랑스 발음이었던 캄봇지 왕국에서 캄푸치아 왕국으로 변경하고 프랑스와 캄보디아 사이에 체결된 모든 사항은 무효화되었으며 일본과 협력할 것을 약속한다.

일본군은 프랑스 관리들을 몰아내고 주둔군을 감금시켰다. 또한 허위 사실을 유포하여 프랑스에 대한 반감을 증가시켰다. 이로 인해 폭동이 일어나고 이를 구실로 프놈펜 북부지역에 프랑스인 거주지를 설치하여 일본군이 항복하여 종전될 때까지 프랑스인들을 강제수용 시켰다.  / 글 : 박근태(왕립프놈펜대학 크메르어문학과 4학년)

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